LIFE AND LITERATURE

THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION v   INTRO:      The industries in England underwent great changes during the second half of the 18 th century and the first half of the 19 th century.  These changes are referred to as industrial revolution.  The industrial revolution is not an event but a process.  England the agricultural country was transformed to a manufacturing country with the coming  of machinery. v   CAUSES      The industrial revolution started in England, before the other countries in Europe, because of her political and financial stability.  England was free from foreign invasions.  The trading companies made a lot of profit.  So capital was available for investing in the industries.  Cotton and coal were in abundance in England.  More over the coal and iron mines were near the industrial sites.  Cheap labor was available.  The English colonies supplied raw mater...

COLONIAL EXPANSION Intro:             The colonies established d uring the reign of Queen Elizabeth. In 16 th century  all over Europe , adventurous men, inspired by the Renaissance, set out across the wide oceans in search of wealth or liberty.   Cause for colonization.             At the end of the 16 th century many people left England and settled in America and other foreign lands. After the reformation, people dissatisfied with the life in England. Some others, who possessed no land England ,left the country with the idea of getting land in the new land. After the wars of Roses wealth increased which temped to take over sea enterprises. Virginia: It was first colony to be found in America by Sir Walter Raleigh. Only in 1607, the settlement was made by a group of men under the leadership of John smith and they called it Jamestown...

THE STUART AGE (1603-1714) Introduction:             Queen Elizabeth did not marry and so when she died there was no legitimate heir to the throne in the Tudor dynasty. But before her death, she had expressed the desire that kings James VI of Scotland should be her successor. King James VI was the great-grandson of James IV who married Margaret, daughter of HenryVII thus the House of Tudor and the House of Stuart were connected by marriage. The Main occurs are given below. Gun powder plot:             James I (1603-1625)was the great-grandson of Henry VII’s daughter . When he asserted the throne, he called himself “king of Great Britain” . The Roman Catholics in England hoped for much from a son of Catholic Mary, king of Scots. As soon as he became king. James was inclined to be tolerant and waived the fine that Roman Catholics had to pay for not going to t...

REFORMATION & COUNTER-REFORMATION The   English Reformation   was a series of events in 16th century   England   by which the   Church of England   broke away from the authority of the   Pope   and the   Catholic Church.             FOR PERSONAL REASONS, Henry VIII (1491-1547) of England  broke with the Church of Rome and established the Church of England, with himself as to its secular head. He appointed an Archbishop of Canterbury as its spiritual leader. England moved beyond permanent Catholic control, although much of the Catholic liturgy and governance by bishops was adopted into the tradition of the Anglican Church (Episcopal, in America). These events were, in part, associated with the wider process of the European   Protestant Reformation, a religious and political movement that affected the practise of   Christianity   across most of   Europe   during this peri...

  Through this "Life and Literature" Blog, we can learn more    about literature, first we learn                    Social History of England .                                                               RENAISSANCE                          The term ' renaissance ' is derived from the French word  meaning  'rebirth'.                            It is used to describe this phase of European history because many of the                          changes experienced between the 14th and 16th centuries were inspired by      ...