LIFE AND LITERATURE

KINDLY ADJUST TO OUR ENGLISH                                                                                     -Shashi Tharoor         He is the Indian national Congress MP Thiruvananthapuram. He is the Author of 23 books, Ex- minister of stat e, government of India and Former under Secretary General, United Nations. He outlines the key of elements of a possible peace in Ukraine and urges UN Secretary-General to give a call to the warning nation to stop the war. He plays his part in bringing the needless suffering and destruction to an end. His ideas on the way English is used in this country are helpful to the English learning persons.            Indian English is a result of the British colonization of India which lasted more than 200 years. Officially, Indians follow the rules of British English grammar but there are a lot of differences in the way Indians speak English. A little over 108 of Indians speak English. There is diversity among Indian English speakers due to cultu

 

                                                         METHODS AND PRINCIPLES       ELT in India today That is one side of the picture. The other side is that in educationally backward families, success in learning English has been elusive. Every year, thousands of students fail at examinations in English. In spite of years spent learning English, fluency and accuracy elude the learner. This has adversely affected the morale of many learners and their dissatisfaction with the official sector in ELT has given rise to a huge private industry. That the private sector has also failed is a different story. In a community where success in life depends upon success in learning English, here is a challenge for ELT.       Several studies, for example, Sawhney (1980), Parashar (1979) and Chaudhary (1981) have found that many factors contribute to the learning of English in India. Of these, the more important appears to be motivation and the extent of availability of the language around the lea

  THE LAST LABYRINTH                                                           -ARUN JOSHI             Indian English Fiction is now being studied and discussed in the entire English speaking world by those interested in the Indian sub-continent or in non-native Englishes, and by linguists for its thematic and stylist Indianness, At least half a dozen Indian English novelists have created a small but slowly increasing international reading public for themselves, e.g. Mulk Raj Anand, Anita Desai, Manohar Malgonkar, Kamla Markandaya, R.K.Narayan, Raja Rao, Khushwant Singh and Nayantara Sahgal. The writers express themselves through various themes, culture, tradition, myths, images, symbols and indigenous language.             Arun Joshi is one of the most distinguished Indian English novelists. His novel The Last Labyrinth is unrivaled in the treatment of Indian ethos based on Hindu philosophy as told in the pious scriptures of the Upnishads and the Gita. The novel deals with a man